Anti-counterfeiting fluorescent pigments appear colorless when illuminated by general visible light. When illuminated by 365/254 nanometer ultraviolet lamps, they appear in red, yellow, green, blue and other luminescent colors .     Classification   There is currently no recognized method for classifying pigments. The reason is that there are many types of pigments, their chemical compositions vary greatly, and they have many uses. Therefore, any classification method is not ideal.   The more common classification method is to divide pigments into inorganic pigments and organic pigments according to their chemical composition . In terms of performance, inorganic pigments have good light and heat resistance and strong hiding power, but the chromatogram is not very complete, the tinting power is low, the color brightness is poor, and some metal salts and oxides are highly toxic. Organic pigments have diverse structures, complete chromatograms, bright and pure colors, and strong tinting power. However, they have poor light resistance, weather resistance, and chemical stability, and are relatively expensive.   Fluorescent pigments are divided into inorganic fluorescent pigments (such as those used in fluorescent lamps and anti-counterfeiting fluorescent inks ) and organic fluorescent pigments (also known as daylight fluorescent pigments): only substances with some specific chemical structures will have fluorescent properties. These fluorescent colorants themselves often have inherent deficiencies in light resistance, solvent resistance and other properties. One way to overcome these inherent shortcomings is to fuse them into the framework of polymer materials through chemical or physical methods and then further process them into pigments. The polymer material used for this purpose not only acts as a solvent for the fluorescent colorant, but also provides protection for the fluorescent colorant, thus giving the fluorescent colorant better light resistance and solvent resistance.   Ingredient structure   Fluorescent dyes   Fluorescent dyes are compounds with special structures. Their structural characteristics mainly include the following three points:   (1) The molecule contains groups that emit fluorescence , such as carbonyl groups , nitrogen-nitrogen double bonds, carbon-nitrogen double bonds, etc.   (2). Contains auxiliary . Auxiliary groups shift the spectrum red and increase fluorescence efficiency, such as primary amine groups, secondary amine groups, hydroxyl groups, ether bonds, amide groups, etc.   (3) The molecule contains conjugated π bonds with a rigid planar structure. The larger the intramolecular conjugated system, the stronger the planarity, and the higher the fluorescence intensity. Some factors that can increase the degree of conjugation can increase fluorescence efficiency and shift the fluorescence wavelength toward longer wavelengths.   carrier resin   It is the attachment of fluorescent dyes . Its main function is to help fluorescent dyes develop color, improve the compatibility between fluorescent dyes and downstream resins , and protect the performance of fluorescent dyes. Usually the carrier resin is a highly polar resin. The molecule contains strong polar groups such as amine groups, hydroxyl groups, ether bonds, and amide groups . On the one hand, it can help color and increase fluorescence efficiency; on the other hand, it has good interaction with fluorescent dyes. The miscibility helps the dye to be dispersed evenly.   Commonly used carrier resins for fluorescent pigments include amine resin, benzinated melamine- formaldehyde resin , polyacrylate resin , polyamide resin, polyester resin , polyurethane resin, etc.   Auxiliary   It mainly includes wetting and dispersing agents , light stabilizers, antioxidants, etc. Wetting and dispersing agents improve the surface properties of fluorescent pigments, improve the compatibility between fluorescent pigments and base materials, and improve the processing properties of fluorescent pigments; light stabilizers provide long-lasting stability and prevent fluorescent pigments from fading.   1. Classification according to the properties of carrier resin (1) Thermoplastic fluorescent pigment: linear (2) Thermosetting fluorescent pigment: body shape (3), soluble color essence fluorescent pigment (4) Water-emulsion fluorescent pigment   2. Classification according to carrier resin category (1), Amino resin (2), polyamide resin (3), polyester resin (4), acrylic emulsion   3. Classification according to application fields (1), plastics Low temperature type Medium temperature type High temperature type (2) Coatings Water-based paint Oil-based paint powder coating   4. Classification according to environmental protection indicators (1), containing formaldehyde (2), does not contain formaldehyde   Application areas   Fluorescent pigments have excellent performance in coloring plastics, sol, paper products, color pastes, inks, paints, coatings, masterbatch, chemical fibers, textiles, etc.   Under natural conditions, as well as under light conditions such as dawn, dusk, foggy climate, and projection, fluorescent gloss has far better visibility than traditional gloss, and can attract attention earlier and faster, grasp this This creates a longer attention span and greatly increases the chance that people will come back for a second, or even a third look. These characteristics of fluorescent pigments have led to growing commercial interest and their use in an increasingly wide range of commercial applications.   The earliest and most widespread commercial application of fluorescent pigments is in various types of advertising. From advertising signs inside and outside stores to huge advertisements beside highways; from various product packaging to various magazine covers and advertising inserts, and so on. With the development of commodity economy and science and technology today, fluorescent pigments and their properties have been widely used in more fields. For example, in terms of safety markings: fire-fighting and ambulance vehicles, rescue facilities and equipment, construction sites, dangerous equipment, other industrial equipment and places, traffic markings, clothing of traffic workers, clothing of forestry workers and hunters, etc.   In the fields of automation and high technology, fluorescent pigments are also used for optical identification. For example, coding, tracking and sorting documents, mail rescue, etc. Dazzling fluorescent colors are increasingly used in almost every other field where color is used. For example, various children’s utensils and toys, modern art, arts and crafts, fashion, etc.   1. Application in plastic products   The main methods of use in plastic products include: injection molding, extrusion, blow molding, kneading, etc. The main principle is to melt and disperse (dissolve) thermoplastic fluorescent pigments in plastic products at high temperatures. The fluorescence of the product is related to the fluorescence of the fluorescent pigment itself , the compatibility of the fluorescent pigment with the plastic product, the temperature and time of the operating process and other factors.   2. Application in coatings, paints, inks, and color pastes   How to use thermosetting fluorescent pigments: According to the production formula of coatings, paints, inks, and color pastes, add fluorescent pigments and other materials into a high-speed dispersing kettle for high-speed dispersion. It is best to perform sand grinding (or three-roll grinding) . After dispersing (sanding), paint (or ink ) can be adjusted . Finally filter and package.   Main performance indicators   Coverage   Refers to the ability of the pigment in the paint to cover the background color of the surface of the painted object when an object is coated with a certain paint, so that the base color can no longer be revealed through the paint. Coverage= Pigment mass (g) / surface area of the coated object (CM2)   heat tolerance   It means that at a certain processing temperature, the pigment does not produce obvious color and lightTinting powerchanges. That is, the resistance of the pigment to the change of tinting strength due to the processing temperature. It is worth noting: 1. While considering the high temperature resistance of the pigment, it is also necessary to consider its heating time. 2. What needs to be considered is the coloring resin itselfThermal stability。   Lightfastness   It refers to the change of color of pigment under light irradiation, and the lightfastness evaluation is the best in eight grades and the worst in the first grade.   Weather Resistance   Refers to pigments to various forms of climatic conditions, including:visible lightandUltraviolet light, moisture and temperature, changes in the color of the product.Organic pigmentsAfter being irradiated by light, it will cause changes in the molecular configuration of pigments and other reasonsSaturationdrops, and even fades into gray or white. pigmentedWeather ResistanceRated as 5, 5 is the best.   Migration resistance   It refers to the migration of pigments from the inside of the plastic to the surface of the product or to the adjacent surfacePlastic productsand solvents. In the assessment, grade 5 indicates no migration, and grade 1 indicates severe migration.   The specific performance is as follows: (1) Frosting: During storage at room temperature,Pigment particlesMigration from plastic/pigment systems to surfaces. (2) Solvent exudation: pigment components enter adjacent solvents, dyes and someOrganic pigmentsThis phenomenon is displayed. (3) Contact migration of plastics/plastics.   Oil absorption   Refers to the amount of refined linseed oil absorbed by a pigment sample under specified conditions, which can be expressed as volume/mass or mass/mass.Oil absorptionThe size has a certain impact on the leveling and gloss of the coating.   Solvent resistance   It refers to the discoloration of the solvent due to the dissolution of some pigments in the solvent after the pigment and the solvent are in contact. pigmentedSolvent resistanceIt refers to the ability of pigments to resist the dissolution of solvents and cause solvent staining.   Softening point   Thermoplastic resinsThe temperature that changes from a solid state to a cohesive state is calledSoftening point。 If the softening point is too low, the product is easy to agglomerate; If the softening point is too high, the injection temperature should be increased, otherwise the pigment will be difficult to melt and cannot be dispersed.   Explode point   The temperature at which the resin is destroyed and decomposes at high temperatures is called the decomposition point. The decomposition point can reflect the resin’sThermal stability。   Particle size   Particle size is an important indicator of the size of fluorescent pigment particles, and the unit is um. The finer the particle size, the easier it is for the product to be dispersed and melted into the downstream product.   Compare the difference   What is the difference between dyes and pigments   Average particle sizeIt is an important indicator to reflect the size of fluorescent pigment particles, and the unit is um. The finer the particle size, the easier it is for the product to be dispersed, melted into the downstream product.   Pigments are made with colored substances, usually mixed with the substances being colored, mainly inorganic compounds; A dye is one that is used either directly or through warpMordantSome of the colored substances that can be attached to various fibers and other materials can be combined with the dyed substances, and most of them are organic compounds.   Pigments can’t be colored, whereas dyes can. Difference Between Pigment and Dye Pigment is a fine powdered colored substance, which is generally insoluble in water, oil and solvents, but can be evenly dispersed in it. Pigment is a secondary film-forming substance of color paint, which modulates the primer in the process of wood decoration.PuttyAs well as wood coloring, pigments are often used.